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    ✅️️ 直接创建
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    ✅️️ 通过配置信息创建
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  <h1>🔨 创建页面对象</h1>

<p>在入门指南的快速上手一节，我们已经初步了解如何创建页面对象，本节进一步介绍更多功能。<br />
页面对象类型为<code>MixPage</code>，通过<code>MixPage()</code>创建。<br />
可以通过指定配置信息创建须要的页面对象，如无界面的浏览器、是否加载插件、是否接管已打开的浏览器、设置<code>headers</code>、设置代理等等。<br />
这些配置信息，可以通过几种方式设置。配置的详细用法后文再讲。本节先了解创建页面对象的几种方式。</p>
<h2 id="mixpage">✅️️ <code>MixPage</code>类</h2>
<p><code>MixPage</code>页面对象封装了常用的网页操作，并实现在两种模式之间的切换。<br />
<code>MixPage</code>须控制一个<code>Drission</code>对象并使用其中的<code>WebDriver</code>或<code>Session</code>对象来实现。对浏览器或网络连接的操作。如没有传入，<code>MixPage</code>会自己创建一个（使用传入的配置信息或从默认 ini 文件读取）。</p>
<p><strong>初始化参数：</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><code>mode</code>：初始化时模式，<code>'d'</code>或<code>'s'</code>，默认为<code>'d'</code></li>
<li><code>drission</code>：Drission 对象，不传入时会自动创建</li>
<li><code>timeout</code>：超时时间，s 模式时为连接时间，d 模式时为查找元素、处理弹出框、输入文本等超时时间</li>
<li><code>driver_options</code>：浏览器设置，没传入<code>drission</code>参数时会用这个设置新建<code>Drission</code>对象中的<code>WebDriver</code>对象，传入<code>False</code>则不创建</li>
<li><code>session_options</code>：requests 设置，没传入<code>drission</code>参数时会用这个设置新建<code>Drission</code>对象中的<code>Session</code>对象，传入<code>False</code>则不创建</li>
</ul>
<div class="admonition warning">
<p class="admonition-title">注意</p>
<p>有传入<code>drission</code>参数时，<code>driver_options</code>和<code>session_options</code>参数无效</p>
</div>
<h2 id="_1">✅️️ 直接创建</h2>
<p>这种方式代码最简洁，程序会从配置文件中读取配置，自动生成页面对象。可以保持代码简洁。<br />
在基本概念一节我们提到过，本库使用配置文件记录常用配置信息，也可以直接把配置写在代码里。</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="c1"># 默认以 d 模式创建页面对象</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="n">page</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MixPage</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;d&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a><span class="c1"># 指定以 s 模式创建页面对象</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a><span class="n">page</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MixPage</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;s&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre></div>
<h2 id="_2">✅️️ 通过配置信息创建</h2>
<p>本库有两种管理配置信息的对象，分别是<code>DriverOptions</code>和<code>SessionOptions</code>，对应 d 模式和 s 模式的配置。<br />
须要时，可以创建相应的配置对象进行设置。</p>
<h3 id="driveroptions">📌 <code>DriverOptions</code>类</h3>
<p><code>DriverOptions</code>用于管理创建浏览器时的配置，浏览器创建后再修改这个配置是没有效果的。<br />
<code>DriverOptions</code>对象能实现链式操作。</p>
<p><strong>初始化参数：</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><code>read_file</code>：是否从 ini 文件中读取配置信息</li>
<li><code>ini_path</code>：ini 文件路径，为<code>None</code>则读取默认 ini 文件</li>
</ul>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="c1"># 导入 DriverOptions</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">MixPage</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">MixPage</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">DriverOptions</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="c1"># 创建浏览器配置对象，从文件读取配置，并增加设置浏览器静音和不加载图片</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="n">do</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">DriverOptions</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_mute</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_no_imgs</span><span class="p">()</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="c1"># 用该配置创建页面对象</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="n">page</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MixPage</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">driver_options</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">do</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre></div>
<h3 id="sessionoptions">📌 <code>SessionOptions</code>类</h3>
<p><code>SessionOptions</code>用于管理创建<code>Session</code>对象时的配置，内置了常用的配置，并能实现链式操作。详细使用方法见“启动配置”一节。  </p>
<p><strong>初始化参数：</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><code>read_file</code>：是否从 ini 文件中读取配置信息</li>
<li><code>ini_path</code>：ini 文件路径，为<code>None</code>则读取默认 ini 文件</li>
</ul>
<div class="admonition warning">
<p class="admonition-title">注意</p>
<p><code>Session</code>对象创建后再修改这个配置是没有效果的。</p>
</div>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="c1"># 导入 DriverOptions</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">MixPage</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">MixPage</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">SessionOptions</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="n">proxies</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s1">&#39;http&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s1">&#39;http://127.0.0.1:1080&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a>           <span class="s1">&#39;https&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s1">&#39;https://127.0.0.1:1080&#39;</span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="c1"># 创建配置对象，不从 ini 文件读取，并设置代理信息</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="n">so</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">SessionOptions</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">read_file</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">False</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_proxies</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">proxies</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="c1"># 用该配置创建页面对象（s 模式）</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="n">page</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MixPage</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mode</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">&#39;s&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">session_options</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">so</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre></div>
<p>d 模式的配置和 s 模式的配置是可以同时使用的，不会互相影响。</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="n">page</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MixPage</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mode</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">&#39;s&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">session_options</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">so</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">driver_options</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">do</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre></div>
<h2 id="drission">✅️️ 传入<code>Drission</code>对象创建</h2>
<p>在入门指南的基本概念一节里，我们讲过<code>Drission</code>对象相当于驱动器的角色。事实上，上述两种方式，<code>MixPage</code>都会自动创建一个<code>Drission</code>对象用于管理与网站或浏览器的连接，我们当然也可以手动创建并传入<code>MixPage</code>。<br />
<code>Drission</code>一般是不用手动创建的，要手动创建的时候，一般是用于i以下几种情况：</p>
<ul>
<li>指定使用某个配置文件</li>
<li>在不同<code>MixPage</code>间传递驱动器</li>
<li>与 selenium 或 requests 原生代码拼接，用于兼容这两者的代码</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="drission_1">📌 <code>Drission</code>类</h3>
<p><strong>初始化参数：</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><code>driver_or_options</code>：<code>WebDriver</code>对象、<code>DriverOptions</code>对象或<code>Options</code>对象。传入<code>False</code>时自动创建一个空配置对象。</li>
<li><code>session_or_options</code>：<code>Session</code>对象、<code>SessionOptions</code>对象、<code>Options</code>对象或设置字典。传入<code>False</code>时自动创建一个空配置对象。</li>
<li><code>ini_path</code>：要使用的 ini 文件的路径</li>
<li><code>proxy</code>：初始化时设置代理</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="ini">📌 使用其它 ini 文件创建</h3>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">MixPage</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">MixPage</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Drission</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="n">d</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Drission</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ini_path</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="sa">r</span><span class="s1">&#39;./config1.ini&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="n">page</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MixPage</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">drission</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre></div>
<h3 id="_3">📌 传递驱动器</h3>
<p>多页面对象间共用驱动器，如多个<code>MixPage</code>控制一个浏览器：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">MixPage</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">MixPage</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a><span class="n">page1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MixPage</span><span class="p">()</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a><span class="n">d</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">page1</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">drission</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a><span class="n">page2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MixPage</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">drission</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre></div>
<h3 id="selenium-requests">📌 从 selenium 和 requests 代码传入</h3>
<p>MixPage 的代码能和 selenium 及 requests 代码兼容，便于不同程序间的对接。<br />
只需把<code>WebDriver</code>对象或<code>Session</code>传入<code>Drission</code>对象即可。</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">selenium</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">webdriver</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">requests</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Session</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">MixPage</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Drission</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">MixPage</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="n">driver</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">webdriver</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Chrome</span><span class="p">()</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="n">session</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Session</span><span class="p">()</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="n">d</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Drission</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">driver_or_options</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">driver</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">session_or_options</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">session</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="n">page</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MixPage</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">drission</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="n">page</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;https://www.baidu.com&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre></div>
<h3 id="_4">📌 用配置信息创建</h3>
<p>因为<code>MixPage</code>创建时能直接接收配置信息，所以这个方法基本不需要用到，写出来只是表示有这个功能。</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">MixPage</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">DriverOptions</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">SessionOptions</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Drission</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">MixPage</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="n">do</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">DriverOptions</span><span class="p">()</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="n">so</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">SessionOptions</span><span class="p">()</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="n">d</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Drission</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">driver_or_options</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">do</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">session_or_options</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">so</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="n">page</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MixPage</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">drission</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre></div>
<h2 id="_5">✅️️ 接管手动打开的浏览器</h2>
<p>如果须要手动打开浏览器，手动操作后再接管，可以这样做：</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>右键点击浏览器图标，选择属性</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>在“目标”路径后面加上<code>--remote-debugging-port=端口号</code>（注意最前面有个空格）</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>点击确定</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>在程序中的浏览器配置中指定接管该端口浏览器，如下：</p>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a># 文件快捷方式的目标路径设置
<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a>D:\chrome.exe --remote-debugging-port=9222
</code></pre></div>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">MixPage</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">DriverOptions</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">MixPage</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="n">do</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">DriverOptions</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_paths</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">local_port</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">9222</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="n">page</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MixPage</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">driver_options</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">do</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre></div>
<div class="admonition tip">
<p class="admonition-title">Tips</p>
<p>接管使用 bat 文件打开的浏览器也是一样做法做法。<br>接管浏览器时只有<code>local_port</code>、<code>debugger_address</code>、<code>driver_path</code>参数是有效的。</p>
</div>
<h2 id="chrome">✅️️ 多 Chrome 浏览器共存</h2>
<p>如果想要同时操作多个 Chrome 浏览器，或者自己在使用 Chrome 上网，同时控制另外几个跑自动化，就须要给这些被程序控制的浏览器设置单独的端口和用户文件夹，否则会造成冲突。具体用<code>DriverOptions</code>对象进行设置，示例如下：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">MixPage</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">MixPage</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">DriverOptions</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="n">do1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">DriverOptions</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_paths</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">local_port</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">9111</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">user_data_path</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="sa">r</span><span class="s1">&#39;D:\data1&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a><span class="n">do2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">DriverOptions</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_paths</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">local_port</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">9222</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">user_data_path</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="sa">r</span><span class="s1">&#39;D:\data2&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-10-6" name="__codelineno-10-6" href="#__codelineno-10-6"></a><span class="n">page1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MixPage</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">driver_options</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">do1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-7" name="__codelineno-10-7" href="#__codelineno-10-7"></a><span class="n">page2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MixPage</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">driver_options</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">do2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-8" name="__codelineno-10-8" href="#__codelineno-10-8"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-10-9" name="__codelineno-10-9" href="#__codelineno-10-9"></a><span class="n">page1</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;https://www.baidu.com&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-10" name="__codelineno-10-10" href="#__codelineno-10-10"></a><span class="n">page2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;http://www.163.com&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre></div>
<p>如果要接管多个手动打开的浏览器，每个浏览器后面的参数都要添加<code>--remote-debugging-port</code>和<code>--user-data-dir</code>参数。示例如下：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a># 浏览器1目标设置
<a id="__codelineno-11-2" name="__codelineno-11-2" href="#__codelineno-11-2"></a>D:\chrome.exe --remote-debugging-port=9111 --user-data-dir=D:\data1
<a id="__codelineno-11-3" name="__codelineno-11-3" href="#__codelineno-11-3"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-11-4" name="__codelineno-11-4" href="#__codelineno-11-4"></a># 浏览器2目标设置
<a id="__codelineno-11-5" name="__codelineno-11-5" href="#__codelineno-11-5"></a>D:\chrome.exe --remote-debugging-port=9222 --user-data-dir=D:\data2
</code></pre></div>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">MixPage</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">MixPage</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">DriverOptions</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a><span class="n">do1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">DriverOptions</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_paths</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">local_port</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">9111</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a><span class="n">do2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">DriverOptions</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_paths</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">local_port</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">9222</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a><span class="n">page1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MixPage</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">driver_options</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">do1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a><span class="n">page2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MixPage</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">driver_options</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">do2</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre></div>
<div class="admonition tip">
<p class="admonition-title">Tips</p>
<p>使用 bat 文件打开浏览器再接管操作是一样的。</p>
</div>
<h2 id="_6">✅️️ 一些技巧</h2>
<p>事实上，本库默认启动浏览器的方式是先通过程序在 9222（或用户指定的）端口运行一个浏览器进程，然后通过程序接管。这种做法有很多好处：</p>
<h3 id="_7">📌 可重复使用的浏览器对象</h3>
<p>当程序运行完毕，浏览器不会主动关闭，下次再运行的时候可以直接在当前状态下继续运行。于是无须每次打开新的浏览器对象，无须从最开始步骤重新运行整个程序，一些前置条件（如登录）也无须每次运行，大大提高开发效率。</p>
<h3 id="_8">📌 简便的调试方式</h3>
<p>通过重复使用浏览器对象，用户可以把浏览器页面调整到某个状态再用程序接管，对调试某个特定问题效率极高。比如有些通过很多步骤才能到达的页面，如果每次重新运行会花费大量时间，而将页面固定再由程序接管，测试各种细节非常方便快捷。</p>
<h3 id="requests">📌 一行代码传递登录状态到 requests</h3>
<p>本库的一个特点是打通了浏览器和<code>requests</code>之间的登录状态，我们可以手动登录浏览器，再用程序接管，然后切换到 s 模式，这时 s 模式的<code>Session</code>对象即已活动浏览器的登录信息，无须用<code>requests</code>
处理登录过程，极大地简化了开发复杂程度。示例：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="c1"># 假设已在 9222 端口打开了一个浏览器，并已登录某网站</span>
<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">MixPage</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">MixPage</span>
<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a><span class="n">page</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MixPage</span><span class="p">()</span>  <span class="c1"># 用 d 模式创建页面对象，默认接管 9222 端口</span>
<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a><span class="n">page</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">change_mode</span><span class="p">()</span>  <span class="c1"># 切换到 s 模式，即使用 requests 进行操作</span>
<a id="__codelineno-13-6" name="__codelineno-13-6" href="#__codelineno-13-6"></a><span class="n">page</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;某url...&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>  <span class="c1"># 即可已登录状态访问</span>
</code></pre></div>
<p>使用其它端口号：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">MixPage</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">MixPage</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">DriverOptions</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="n">do</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">DriverOptions</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_paths</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">local_port</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">9333</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a><span class="n">page</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MixPage</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">driver_option</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">do</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a><span class="n">page</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">change_mode</span><span class="p">()</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-6" name="__codelineno-14-6" href="#__codelineno-14-6"></a><span class="n">page</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;某url...&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre></div>





                
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